In the Canary Islands, grape and berry varieties have survived that are extinct in much of the world. These unique cultivars form the backbone of the islands’ extraordinary wines, offering flavors and characteristics that cannot be found anywhere else.
A Unique Viticultural Heritage
One of Spain’s most exotic viticultural treasures is found in the Canary Islands. Here, rare grape varieties have been preserved, thanks to the region’s immunity to the devastating phylloxera plague that ravaged European vineyards in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The volcanic soils and diverse microclimates of the Canaries provide ideal conditions for producing wines with remarkable aromatic complexity and rich flavor profiles.
Many of these varieties, considered indigenous, have been cultivated since the colonial era and have thrived due to the absence of phylloxera. They are a testament to the resilience and uniqueness of Canary Island winemaking.
Exceptional Varieties: Baboso and Bastardo Negro
The “Baboso” or “Bastardo Negro” berries are notable for their high sugar content and medium acidity. This variety is particularly common in Tenerife, though it remains rare and resistant to disease. These small, compact clusters of black-bluish berries yield wines with distinct alcoholic richness and subtle acidic notes. Often blended with other varieties, Baboso contributes to complex and balanced wines.
The Aromatic Richness of Marmajuelo
The “Marmajuelo” or “Bermejuela” varieties are exclusive to the Canary Islands. These white grapes are prized for their tropical aromas, reminiscent of passion fruit and fig leaves. The medium-sized, compact bunches have a yellow-greenish hue and thrive in volcanic, sandy soils. Wines made from Marmajuelo are noted for their vibrant acidity, full-bodied mouthfeel, and golden hues.
Verdello: Aromatic and Elegant
The “Verdello” grape is another standout variety, known for its high aromatic intensity and good acidity. The small bunches and green-tinged flesh produce wines that are both fruity and smooth, with a pleasing density and balance. These wines offer a refined drinking experience with a touch of elegance.
The Legendary Malvasía
Malvasía is one of the Canary Islands’ oldest and most celebrated grape varieties, renowned for its role in producing the famous “Canary Sack.” Its medium-sized, loose clusters of small, round, and fleshy berries are the most aromatic of all Canarian grapes. Malvasía is primarily used to craft sweet wines that are prized for their richness and depth. Although production is limited and the vines are disease-sensitive, these wines continue to captivate enthusiasts around the world.
Listán: The Noble Island Variety
“Listán Negro” is a versatile variety cultivated across the Canary Islands. Vigorous, productive, and disease-resistant, it is ideal for creating youthful and vintage red wines. These middle-sized, compact clusters yield fresh, fruity, and aromatic reds that are a delight to the palate.
“Listán Blanco” grapes, with their compact bunches of slightly bitter, spherical berries, produce delicate white wines with subtle aromas and a light, yellow-greenish hue. Though less intense, these wines are appreciated for their smooth and soft profile.
Island Variety: Negramoll or Mulata
“Negramoll,” also known as “Mulata,” is a high-yield variety native to the Canary Islands. Its compact bunches of oval, black berries produce wines that are fresh, smooth, and aromatic. These versatile wines are perfect for both casual enjoyment and refined pairings.
The Rare Tintilla
“Tintilla” grapes are a lesser-known treasure found only in Tenerife. The low-yield, slow-growing vines are highly resistant to disease. Their large bunches of small, thin-skinned, dark berries produce wines with exceptional aromatics, a touch of acidity, and impressive longevity.
Vijariego: The White Jewel
The “Vijariego” grape, found only in Tenerife and El Hierro, is a robust variety that thrives in high-altitude volcanic soils. Its thick clusters produce fresh, fruity wines with a straw-yellow hue. Though subtle in aroma, these wines are appreciated for their lively and refreshing qualities.
The Sweet Elegance of Gual
The “Gual” variety is distinguished by its early ripening, small bunches, and golden yellow wines. Known for their full-bodied and slightly sweet profile, Gual wines deliver a delightful blend of richness and aroma. This grape is also often blended with other indigenous varieties to enhance complexity and depth, making it a key player in Tenerife’s viticultural legacy.
Discover Tenerife’s Wines and Wineries
Are you ready to explore Tenerife’s extraordinary grape varieties and the exquisite wines they produce? From historic vineyards to modern cellars, the Canary Islands invite you to experience the unique flavors, aromas, and stories that make this region a paradise for wine lovers.